Arduino yun

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Upgrading an Arduino Yun[edit]

background[edit]

Essentially the task I'm documenting is outlined here: http://linino.org/doku.php?id=wiki:upgradetolininoio

But I'm adding a bit of background that I was missing since this is my first exposure to the Yun. See? I didn't even spell it with the proper accent over the U.

I'm pleased that the Yun has such good documentation:

I didn't end up using this sketch, but it included some nice hints about using the stock Serial Terminal in the Arduino IDE

This was the most succinct and useful documentation I found on setting up the tftpd server that is needed for the upgrade

http://www.df.lth.se/~triad/krad/tftpserver.html

Explainer about yun console bauds: http://linino.org/doku.php?id=wiki:115kdeafultconsole

environment[edit]

  • I'm using a Fedora 20 system connected via usb to provide power and access to serial terminal
  • The Yun is connected via wired ethernet to a network with a dhcp server providing IP config
  • I have an apache server providing binaries for download to the Yun
  • I have a tftp server providing binaries for download to the Yun
  • I have installed the version of the Arduino IDE (1.5.8 BETA) that is new enough to support the Yun

prep the Yun[edit]

  • connect ethernet and usb to boot the Yun
  • watch the dhcp logs to see the mac address of the yun and enter into dhcpd.conf
  • reboot Yun
  • let dhcp configure
  • log in via ssh. I have yun in my /etc/hosts with the IP address provided by dhcp. I'll be doing several of these boards and each time the image changes, the host id changes, so let's not fiddle with those. The default password is doghunter.
ssh -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no root@yun
  • download the latest serial terminal to the Yun
root@j17:~# cd /tmp
root@j17:/tmp# wget http://download.linino.org/pkg-bin/serialTerminal.hex
Connecting to download.linino.org (88.198.63.58:80)
serialTerminal.hex   100% |*******************************| 17420   0:00:00 ETA
  • install the latest serial terminal on the Yun
root@j17:/tmp# run-avrdude /tmp/serialTerminal.hex

avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.01s

avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e9587
avrdude: NOTE: "flash" memory has been specified, an erase cycle will be performed
         To disable this feature, specify the -D option.
avrdude: erasing chip
avrdude: reading input file "0xFF"
avrdude: writing lfuse (1 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: 1 bytes of lfuse written
avrdude: verifying lfuse memory against 0xFF:
avrdude: load data lfuse data from input file 0xFF:
avrdude: input file 0xFF contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip lfuse data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 1 bytes of lfuse verified
avrdude: reading input file "0xD8"
avrdude: writing hfuse (1 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: 1 bytes of hfuse written
avrdude: verifying hfuse memory against 0xD8:
avrdude: load data hfuse data from input file 0xD8:
avrdude: input file 0xD8 contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip hfuse data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 1 bytes of hfuse verified
avrdude: reading input file "0xFB"
avrdude: writing efuse (1 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: 1 bytes of efuse written
avrdude: verifying efuse memory against 0xFB:
avrdude: load data efuse data from input file 0xFB:
avrdude: input file 0xFB contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip efuse data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 1 bytes of efuse verified
avrdude: reading input file "/tmp/serialTerminal.hex"
avrdude: writing flash (6188 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 3.61s

avrdude: 6188 bytes of flash written
avrdude: verifying flash memory against /tmp/serialTerminal.hex:
avrdude: load data flash data from input file /tmp/serialTerminal.hex:
avrdude: input file /tmp/serialTerminal.hex contains 6188 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip flash data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 3.37s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 6188 bytes of flash verified

avrdude: safemode: Fuses OK

avrdude done.  Thank you.

upgrade uboot[edit]

  • launch the Arduino IDE
Arduino-ide-yun.png
  • set Tools > Board > Arduino Yun
  • set Tools > Port > /dev/ttyACM0
  • start Tools > Serial Monitor
  • configure Serial Monitor to use New line, 512000 baud
  • enter ~2 in the Serial Monitor and get ready to press send
  • press the "YUN RST" button (near the corner with the LEDs)
Yun-reset.jpg
  • press send
  • within 4 seconds, enter a letter and press send again
  • this should pause the boot here:
athrs26_reg_init_lan
ATHRS26: resetting s26
ATHRS26: s26 reset done
eth1 up
eth0, eth1
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  4  3  2  1  0
  • the fact that the prompt says "Hit any key to stop autoboot" is an indication that we have the old version
  • configure network manually with values that dhcp would have given
ar7240> setenv serverip 10.0.0.5;
ar7240> setenv ipaddr 10.0.0.119;
ar7240> ping 10.0.0.5
dup 1 speed 100
Using eth0 device
host 10.0.0.5 is alive
  • transfer the new uboot image

My transfer below includes timeouts until I opened the firewall and it finally succeeded 

ar7240> tftp 0x8006000 uboot.bin
Using eth0 device
TFTP from server 10.0.0.5; our IP address is 10.0.0.119
Filename 'uboot.bin'.
Load address: 0x8006000
Loading: T T T T T T T T T T
Retry count exceeded; starting again
eth1 link down
FAIL
Using eth0 device
TFTP from server 10.0.0.5; our IP address is 10.0.0.119
Filename 'uboot.bin'.
Load address: 0x8006000
Loading: T T T T ####################################
done
Bytes transferred = 181852 (2c65c hex)
ar7240>
  • perform the upgrade
ar7240> erase 0x9f000000 +0x40000
Erase Flash from 0x9f000000 to 0x9f03ffff in Bank # 1
First 0x0 last 0x3 sector size 0x10000
   0    1    2    3
Erased 4 sectors
ar7240>

ar7240> cp.b $fileaddr 0x9f000000 $filesize
Copy to Flash... write addr: 9f000000
done

ar7240> reset
  • it now reboots and should have the newer version of uboot
  • verify by switching serial monitor with ~1 and typing "lin" within 4 seconds to get uboot prompt:
<line noise>
eth1: b4:21:8a:00:00:01
eth0, eth1
autoboot in 4 seconds (stop with 'lin')...
linino>
  • view bootargs
linino> printenv
bootargs=console=ttyATH0,115200 board=linino-yun mem=64M rootfstype=squashfs,jffs2 noinitrd mtdparts=spi0.0:256k(u-boot)ro,64k(u-boot-env)ro,14656k(rootfs),1280k(kernel),64k(nvram),64k(art),15936k@0x50000(firmware)
bootcmd=bootm 0x9fea0000
bootdelay=4
baudrate=115200
ethaddr=0xb4:0x21:0x8a:0x00:0x00:0x10
ipaddr=192.168.1.2
serverip=192.168.1.1
stdin=serial
stdout=serial
stderr=serial
ethact=eth0

Environment size: 399/65532 bytes
  • set boot args at the linino> prompt
setenv bootargs 'console=spicons board=linino-yun mtdparts=spi0.0:256k(u-boot)ro,64k(u-boot-env),14656k(rootfs),1280k(kernel),64k(nvram),64k(art),15936k@0x50000(firmware) mem=64M rootfstype=squashfs,jffs2 noinitrd'
  • I wasn't able to set baudrate here, so skipping that step and setting it later in linux
  • save environment variables
linino> saveenv
Saving Environment to Flash...
Protect off 9F040000 ... 9F04FFFF
Un-Protecting sectors 4..4 in bank 1
Un-Protected 1 sectors
Erasing Flash...Erase Flash from 0x9f040000 to 0x9f04ffff in Bank # 1
First 0x4 last 0x4 sector size 0x100   4
Erased 1 sectors
Writing to Flash... write addr: 9f040000
done
Protecting sectors 4..4 in bank 1
Protected 1 sectors
linino>
  • reboot
linino> reset
  • allow boot to proceed to completion. it takes about 70 seconds
  • use ~2 in Serial Terminal if you want to watch the message scroll by

upgrade linio image[edit]

  • ssh to linux
ssh -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no root@yun
  • display version before upgrade
root@l69:~# cat /etc/linino_version
cat: can't open '/etc/linino_version': No such file or directory
  • download linio image
root@j17:~# cd /tmp
root@j17:/tmp# wget http://10.0.0.5/yun.bin
Connecting to 10.0.0.5 (10.0.0.5:80)
yun.bin              100% |*******************************| 15759k  0:00:00 ETA
  • apply the new image

This takes a minute or so and no further user input is required as it will auto reboot when done 

root@j17:/tmp# sysupgrade -n -v yun.bin
Sending TERM to remaining processes ... uSDaemon uhttpd dbus-daemon dnsmasq avahi-daemon alljoyn-daemon thd ntpd sleep syslogd klogd hotplug2 ubusd netifd
Sending KILL to remaining processes ... uhttpd
Switching to ramdisk...
Performing system upgrade...
Unlocking firmware ...

Writing from <stdin> to firmware ...  [w]
[w]
[w]
Upgrade completed
Rebooting system...
  • at this point, the serial port of the Yun is now /dev/ttyACM1


  • ssh to box and set baud rate
root@linino:~# fw_setenv baudrate 250000
root@linino:~#
  • install Born Again Two-Hour Operating System
root@linino:~# run-avrdude /etc/linino/bathos-mcuio.hex

avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.01s

avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e9587
avrdude: NOTE: "flash" memory has been specified, an erase cycle will be performed
         To disable this feature, specify the -D option.
avrdude: erasing chip
avrdude: reading input file "0xFF"
avrdude: writing lfuse (1 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: 1 bytes of lfuse written
avrdude: verifying lfuse memory against 0xFF:
avrdude: load data lfuse data from input file 0xFF:
avrdude: input file 0xFF contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip lfuse data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 1 bytes of lfuse verified
avrdude: reading input file "0xD8"
avrdude: writing hfuse (1 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: 1 bytes of hfuse written
avrdude: verifying hfuse memory against 0xD8:
avrdude: load data hfuse data from input file 0xD8:
avrdude: input file 0xD8 contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip hfuse data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 1 bytes of hfuse verified
avrdude: reading input file "0xFB"
avrdude: writing efuse (1 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: 1 bytes of efuse written
avrdude: verifying efuse memory against 0xFB:
avrdude: load data efuse data from input file 0xFB:
avrdude: input file 0xFB contains 1 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip efuse data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.00s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 1 bytes of efuse verified
avrdude: reading input file "/etc/linino/bathos-mcuio.hex"
avrdude: writing flash (32748 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 17.25s

avrdude: 32748 bytes of flash written
avrdude: verifying flash memory against /etc/linino/bathos-mcuio.hex:
avrdude: load data flash data from input file /etc/linino/bathos-mcuio.hex:
avrdude: input file /etc/linino/bathos-mcuio.hex contains 32748 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip flash data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 15.94s

avrdude: verifying ...
avrdude: 32748 bytes of flash verified

avrdude: safemode: Fuses OK

avrdude done.  Thank you.
  • display build info after upgrade
root@linino:~# cat /etc/linino_version
DISTRIB_ID="Linino"
DISTRIB_RELEASE="lininoIO"
DISTRIB_REVISION="5720072"
DISTRIB_CODENAME="attitude_adjustment"
DISTRIB_TARGET="ar71xx/generic"
BUILD_DATE="2014-10-14"
  • display bootargs
root@linino:~# fw_printenv
bootcmd=bootm 0x9fea0000
bootdelay=4
ethaddr=0xb4:0x21:0x8a:0x00:0x00:0x10
ipaddr=192.168.1.2
serverip=192.168.1.1
stdin=serial
stdout=serial
stderr=serial
ethact=eth0
bootargs=console=spicons board=linino-yun mtdparts=spi0.0:256k(u-boot)ro,64k(u-boot-env),14656k(rootfs),1280k(kernel),64k(nvram),64k(art),15936k@0x50000(firmware) mem=64M rootfstype=squashfs,jffs2 noinitrd
baudrate=250000

reboot and verify serial terminal access[edit]

  • with Serial Terminal open and attached to /dev/ttyACM1, you can see the new uboot and pause by typing lin within 4 seconds
U-Boot 1.1.4-linino-gca1b422d-dirty (Sep 15 2014 - 04:07:17)

Linino Board (ar9331) U-boot
DRAM:  64 MB
Top of RAM usable for U-Boot at: 84000000
Reserving 217k for U-Boot at: 83fc8000
Reserving 192k for malloc() at: 83f98000
Reserving 44 Bytes for Board Info at: 83f97fd4
Reserving 36 Bytes for Global Data at: 83f97fb0
Reserving 128k for boot params() at: 83f77fb0
Stack Pointer at: 83f77f98
Now running in RAM - U-Boot at: 83fc8000
Flash Manuf Id 0xef, DeviceId0 0x40, DeviceId1 0x18
flash size 16777216, sector count = 256
Flash: 16 MB
In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
Net:   eth0: b4:21:8a:00:00:00
eth1: b4:21:8a:00:00:01
eth0, eth1
autoboot in 4 seconds (stop with 'lin')...
linino>
  • view board info:
linino> bdinfo

boot_params = 0x83F77FB0
memstart    = 0x80000000
memsize     = 0x04000000
flashstart  = 0x9F000000
flashsize   = 0x01000000
flashoffset = 0x0002C65C
ethaddr     = B4:21:8A:00:00:10
ip_addr     = 192.168.1.2
baudrate    = 250000 bps
  • view images in memory
linino> imls

Image at 9FEA0000:
   Image Name:   MIPS OpenWrt Linux-3.3.8
   Created:      2014-10-14  13:28:35 UTC
   Image Type:   MIPS Linux Kernel Image (lzma compressed)
   Data Size:    1129975 Bytes =  1.1 MB
   Load Address: 80060000
   Entry Point:  80060000
   Verifying Checksum ... OK
  • show version
linino> version


U-Boot 1.1.4-linino-gca1b422d-dirty (Sep 15 2014 - 04:07:17)
  • after booting, the serial port switches back to /dev/ttyACM0
  • further connections bring you right to a root prompt
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