Amavis and Spamassassin howto

per-user spam configuration

• make sure the local user has a ~/.spamassassin directory

global configuration

• /etc/spamassassin/local.cf
• after adjusting global rules, restart spamassassin service to make the changes take effect

smoke test

Running these tests requires that the spamassassin service be running.

/usr/share/doc/spamassassin/examples$ spamc -R <sample-nonspam.txt 
0.0/5.0
Spam detection software, running on the system "weasel.finninday.net", has
identified this incoming email as possible spam.  The original message
has been attached to this so you can view it (if it isn't spam) or label
similar future email.  If you have any questions, see
@@CONTACT_ADDRESS@@ for details.

Content preview:  -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- TBTF ping for 2001-04-20:
   Reviving T a s t y B i t s f r o m t h e T e c h n o l o g y F r o n t [...]
   

Content analysis details:   (0.0 points, 5.0 required)

 pts rule name              description
---- ---------------------- --------------------------------------------------

/usr/share/doc/spamassassin/examples$ spamc -R <sample-spam.txt 
1000.0/5.0
Spam detection software, running on the system "weasel.finninday.net", has
identified this incoming email as possible spam.  The original message
has been attached to this so you can view it (if it isn't spam) or label
similar future email.  If you have any questions, see
@@CONTACT_ADDRESS@@ for details.

Content preview:  This is the GTUBE, the Generic Test for Unsolicited Bulk Email
   If your spam filter supports it, the GTUBE provides a test by which you can
   verify that the filter is installed correctly and is detecting incoming spam.
   You can send yourself a test mail containing the following string of characters
   (in upper case and with no white spaces and line breaks): [...] 

Content analysis details:   (1000.0 points, 5.0 required)

 pts rule name              description
---- ---------------------- --------------------------------------------------
-0.0 NO_RELAYS              Informational: message was not relayed via SMTP
1000 GTUBE                  BODY: Generic Test for Unsolicited Bulk Email
-0.0 NO_RECEIVED            Informational: message has no Received headers

test a real mail sample

• ctrl-u in thunderbird to view the full source of an email
• copy and paste to a text file
• feed to spamc

$ spamc -R <spam.txt 
9.9/5.0
Spam detection software, running on the system "weasel.finninday.net", has
identified this incoming email as possible spam.  The original message
has been attached to this so you can view it (if it isn't spam) or label
similar future email.  If you have any questions, see
@@CONTACT_ADDRESS@@ for details.

Content preview:  FtP://tbk.dOWnsizEWherevEr.NeT/index.html [...] 

Content analysis details:   (9.9 points, 5.0 required)

 pts rule name              description
---- ---------------------- --------------------------------------------------
  10 NEWMAN_FROM_RULE       Stop mail from yahoo that uses my facebook contacts
 0.0 FREEMAIL_FROM          Sender email is freemail (bishtalpanaghx[at]yahoo.com)
-0.0 RCVD_IN_DNSWL_NONE     RBL: Sender listed at http://www.dnswl.org/, low
                            trust
                            [98.138.229.72 listed in list.dnswl.org]
 0.0 UNPARSEABLE_RELAY      Informational: message has unparseable relay lines
-0.1 DKIM_VALID_AU          Message has a valid DKIM or DK signature from author's
                            domain
 0.1 DKIM_SIGNED            Message has a DKIM or DK signature, not necessarily valid
-0.1 DKIM_VALID             Message has at least one valid DKIM or DK signature

Be aware that the spam threshold reported by testing through the spamc command is irrelevant since amavis overrides this setting. http://www.ijs.si/software/amavisd/#faq-spam

Still, the spamc command is the best test method.

How to tune bayes classification

In the case of a message being wrongly classified as ham, do this

root@weasel:/var/log# sa-learn --dbpath /var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin --spam ~rday/spam.txt 
Learned tokens from 0 message(s) (1 message(s) examined)

Note: using the sa-learn command takes a lock on the spamassassin database, so any scripted tasks should be done serially.

To see how many items are in the database

root@weasel:~/Maildir/mail# sa-learn --dbpath /var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin --backup | wc
 233525 1032008 8614945

To train on a directory of ham

root@weasel:~/Maildir/mail# sa-learn --ham --dbpath /var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin --mbox --progress ./2005-09
 98% [===================================================================================================  ]   6.89 msgs/sec 00m36s DONE
Learned tokens from 252 message(s) (252 message(s) examined)

or

root@weasel:/home/julie/Maildir# sa-learn --dbpath /var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin --ham ./cur --progress

To train on a directory of spam

root@weasel:~/Maildir/.Junk# sa-learn --dbpath /var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin --spam ./cur --progress
100% [=====================================================================================================]   9.49 msgs/sec 00m02s DONE
Learned tokens from 20 message(s) (21 message(s) examined)

Prevent local spam reports from being classified as spam

TBD

URIBL was blocked

Running spamc on a test message takes a long time (over 4 seconds) and includes this message:

 0.0 URIBL_BLOCKED          ADMINISTRATOR NOTICE: The query to URIBL was blocked.
                            See
                            http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/DnsBlocklists#dnsbl-block
                             for more information.
                            [URIs: no1trader.com]

I should run a caching nameserver to be more efficient.

As of Jan 30, 2015, a caching nameserver is in service.

Flow of control

Amavis is consulted when a message is delivered:

not spam

Jan 30 15:25:54 weasel amavis[29157]: (29157-14) ESMTP::10024 /var/lib/amavis/tmp/amavis-20150130T114744-29157-OJ30GQP6: <someone@gmail.com> -> <localaccount@finninday.net> SIZE=2167 Received: from weasel.finninday.net ([127.0.0.1]) by localhost (weasel.finninday.net [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP for <localaccount@finninday.net>; Fri, 30 Jan 2015 15:25:54 -0800 (PST)
Jan 30 15:25:54 weasel amavis[29157]: (29157-14) Checking: OCmIOOajiWvk [209.85.220.43] <someone@gmail.com> -> <localaccount@finninday.net>
Jan 30 15:25:55 weasel amavis[29157]: (29157-14) FWD from <someone@gmail.com> -> <localaccount@finninday.net>,BODY=7BIT 250 2.0.0 from MTA(smtp:[127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as BBD3C1238CEF
Jan 30 15:25:55 weasel amavis[29157]: (29157-14) Passed CLEAN {RelayedInbound}, [209.85.220.43]:53109 [67.189.73.245] <someone@gmail.com> -> <localaccount@finninday.net>, Queue-ID: E63A8123818B, Message-ID: <54CC12FF.9090402@gmail.com>, mail_id: OCmIOOajiWvk, Hits: -0.302, size: 2166, queued_as: BBD3C1238CEF, dkim_sd=20120113:gmail.com, 1726 ms

spam

Jan 30 15:27:40 weasel amavis[14059]: (14059-07) ESMTP::10024 /var/lib/amavis/tmp/amavis-20150130T143841-14059-KJt3rAKZ: <LoanOfficerLeague@successrefinancefor.org> -> <localaccount@finninday.net> SIZE=5178 BODY=8BITMIME RET=HDRS Received: from weasel.finninday.net ([127.0.0.1]) by localhost (weasel.finninday.net [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP for <localaccount@finninday.net>; Fri, 30 Jan 2015 15:27:40 -0800 (PST)
Jan 30 15:27:41 weasel amavis[14059]: (14059-07) Checking: sYjuE0v8n77d [69.65.46.172] <LoanOfficerLeague@successrefinancefor.org> -> <localaccount@finninday.net>
Jan 30 15:27:43 weasel amavis[14059]: (14059-07) local delivery: <LoanOfficerLeague@successrefinancefor.org> -> spam-quarantine, mbx=/var/lib/amavis/virusmails/s/spam-sYjuE0v8n77d.gz
Jan 30 15:27:43 weasel amavis[14059]: (14059-07) Blocked SPAM {DiscardedInbound,Quarantined}, [69.65.46.172]:50512 [69.65.46.172] <LoanOfficerLeague@successrefinancefor.org> -> <localaccount@finninday.net>, quarantine: s/spam-sYjuE0v8n77d.gz, Queue-ID: AF431123808D, Message-ID: <f77586e5b50510cfdb616afe4f20267d.23349111.13759887@successrefinancefor.org>, mail_id: sYjuE0v8n77d, Hits: 11.771, size: 5169, 2552 ms

To make this happen, postfix is configured to use amavis as a content filter in main.cf

content_filter = smtp-amavis:[localhost]:10024

Amavis is configured to listen on that port in /etc/amavis/conf.d by default.

Cleaning out the quarantine

/var/lib/amavis/virusmails

root@weasel:/var/lib/amavis/virusmails# find . -type f | wc
  33895   33895  839415

root@weasel:/var/lib/amavis# du -sh *
0	amavisd.sock
240K	db
24K	Maildir
64K	tmp
530M	virusmails

References

• General setup and testing

http://www.stearns.org/doc/spamassassin-setup.current.html

• Postfix, amavis, spamassassin integration

http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/IntegratedInPostfixWithAmavis

• may want to use this RBL at some point

http://www.barracudacentral.org/rbl